Intensive efforts in the development of education in
Indonesia have been done for several years. One of them
was, to increase participation of students in learning,
that was, to implement the principle of student active
learning.
This study, in the first step was to develop a model
of teaching learning process based on the principle of student active learning which uses the inductive strategy;
next, to test the effectiveness of this model against student passive learning, in a classroom experiment.
In this study, the teaching learning process was the
manipulated independent variable; general ability, prior
knowledge, and attitude toward subject matter were the independent variables which were treated as covariates; and
the learning achievement was the dependent variable. Five
aspects of learning outcome which were studied were, Use Principle,Use-Concept, Remember-Principle, Remember-Con-cept, Remember-Fact, and the total outcome.
Three hypotheses tested in this study were:
1. Student Active Learning (SAL) produces higher learning
outcome compared to the learning outcome produced by
the Student Passive Learning (SPL).
2. The correlation coefficient of the learning outcome
and the general ability of SAL is higher than that of
the SPL.
3. General ability, prior knowledge, and attitude toward
subject matter contribute significantly to the learning
outcome in SAL.
This model was implemented in the Social Studies Class.
The population of this study was the first grade students
of the Teachers School in West Sumatra. The experimental
and the control group from different schools. Schools,
classes, and 100 subjects for each treatment within the
classes as the sample of study were selected at random.
The instruments used in this study for measuring each
variable were:
1. Progressive Matrices Test.
2. Adjective Rating Scale (r = 0,64).
3. Teacher made test (r = 0,81).
Ancova, the testing of the difference of correlation
coefficient, and Regression analysis yielded the following
results:
1. Learning outcome produced by SAL was significantly
higher than that by SPL in Use-Concept, Remember-Principle,
Remember-Concept, and also the total outcome.
2. There was no significant difference in correlation
the coefficients of learning outcome and general ability
between SAL and SPL for all aspects in learning
outcome.
3. General ability, prior knowledge, and attitude toward
subject matter contributed significantly to the learnning
outcome in SAL.
It is hoped that, the results of this study will present
a valuable input for teachers in their efforts to increase
the outcome of learning, and in general, to raise
the quality of education.